Book

One Author. (CMS 16.35)

Last, First M. YYYY. Title of Book in Italics. City, ST: Publisher.

Reference

Kessek, John h. 1968. The Goldwater Coalition: Republican Strategies in 1964. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.

Intext Citation

(Kessel 1968)

Two Authors. (CMS 16.36)

Last, First M., and First Middle Last. YYYY. Title of Book in Italics. # ed. City, ST: Publisher.

Reference

Sorauf, Frank J., and Paul Allen Beck. 1988. Party Politics in America. 6th ed. Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman.

In-text citation

(Sorauf and Beck 1988)

Electronic Book.

Last, First I. YYYY. Title of Book in Italics. Retrival url. (date of last access).

Reference

Johnson, Fred S. 2002. Machine Translation. www.technation.org/books/turing.htm. (November 2, 2005).

In-text Citation

(Johnson 2005)

Edited Collection. (CMS 16.46)

Last, First M., First M. Last, and First M. Last. eds. YYYY. Title of Book in Italics. City, ST: Publisher.

Reference

Ball, Terrence, James Farr, and Russel L. Hanson. eds. 1988. Political Innovation and Conceptual Change. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Chapter in Multiauthor Collection. (CMS 16.85)

Last, First I. YYYY. “Title of Chapter.” In Title of Book in Italics, ed. First M. Last. City:Publisher, page numbers.

Reference

Crotty, William J. 1968. “The Party Organization and Its Activists.” In Approaches to the Study of Party Organization, ed. William J Crotty. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 203-221.

Chapter in Multiauthor Collection. (CMS 16.85)

Last, First I. YYYY. “Title of Chapter.” In Title of Book in Italics, ed. First M. Last. City:Publisher, page numbers.

Reference

Crotty, William J. 1968. “The Party Organization and Its Activists.” In Approaches to the Study of Party Organization, ed. William J Crotty. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 203-221.

Chapter in an Electronic Book.

Last, First I. YYYY. “Title of Chapter.” In Title of Book in Italics. Any additional information(e.g., month and day) URL (date of last access).

Multivolume Work. (CMS 16.82-84)

Reference

Foucault, Michel. 1980. The History of Sexuality. 2 vols. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books.

Foucault, Michel. 1980. The Use of Pleasure. Vol. 2 of The History of Sexuality. Trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books.

Journal Articles

Print Journal.

Last, First M. YYYY. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal. Volume or Season (issue):page numbers.

Reference

Aldrich, John H. 1980. “A Dynamic Model of Presidential Nomination Campaigns.” American Political Science Review 74 (September):651-69.

Electronic Journal.

Last, First M. YYYY. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal. Volume or Season (issue). <URL>. (Retrieval Date)>

Reference

Aldrich, John H. 1980. “A Dynamic Model of Presidential Nomination Campaigns.” American Political Science Review 74 (September). <http://english.ttu.edu/-kairos/books/keats/index.html>. (October 8, 2005)>.

Unpublished Works

Dissertation or Thesis. (CMS 16.131-32)

Last, First M. YYYY “Title of thesis or dissertation.” Document type. School.

Reference

Munger, Frank J. 1955. “Two-Party Politics in the State of Indiana.” Ph.D. diss. Harvard University.

Paper Presented at a Meeting. (CMS 16.133)

Mefford, Dwain, and Brian Ripley. 1987. “The Cognitive Foundation of Regime Theory.” Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago.

Older Works (CMS 16.94)

Reference

Burke, Edmund. [1790] 1987. Reflections on the Revolution in France. Ed. John G. Pocock. Indianapolis: Hackett.

In-text Citation

(Burke [179] 1987)

Government Documents (CMS 16.148-98; Turabian, Chapter 12)

Congressional Reports and Documents.

Reference begins with U.S. Congress, House or Senate, committee if any, year, title, Congress #, session, and report or document number or committee print number. Include bills and resolutions and publications by commissions in this category.

Reference

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. 1956. The Mutual Security Act. 84th Cong., 2d sess., S. Rept. 2273.

Hearings.

Provide the same information as for reports or documents but with the exact date in place of report or document number.

Reference

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. 1956. The Mutual Security Act. 84th Cong., 2d sess., 17 January.

Statutes.

Provide the name of the statute (U.S. Code or Statutes at Large), volume, section, and (if relevant) page.

Reference

Administrative Procedure Act. 1946. Statutes at Large. Vol. 60, sec. 10, p. 243. Congressional Debates.

Reference

Congressional Record.1966. 89th Cong., 2d sess., vol. 112, pt. 16. Presidential Proclamations and Executive Orders.

Reference

Reagan, Ronald. 1984. Caribbean Basin Economy Recovery Act, Proclamation 5142. Federal Register, vol. 49, no. 2, p. 341.

Executive Department Documents.

Reference

U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. 1975. Statistical Abstract of the United States. Washington: Department of Commerce.

Treaties.

Reference

U.S. Department of State. 1963. Nuclear Weapons Test Ban, 5 August. TIAS no. 5433. U.S. Treaties and Other International Agreements, vol. 14, pt. 3.

National Archives.

Reference

U.S. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. “Lobbying.” File 71A-F15. Record group 46. National Archives.

Technical Reports.

Reference

Gottfredson, L.S. 1980. How Valid Are Occupational Reinforcer Pattern Scores? Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University. ERIC, ED 182 465.

Legal References.

Examples

Baker v. Carr. 1962. 369 U.S. 186

Lessard v. Schmidt. 1972. 349 F. Supp. 1078 (E.D. Wisc.).

Marbury v. Madison. 1803. 1 Cranch 137.

Electronic Sources

File Transfer Protocol (FTP).

Provide as much of the following information as possible:

author’s name, document date (year), full title of the work in quotation works, any additional date information (month and day), address of the ftp site, and access date.

Reference

Bruckman, Amy. 1994. “Approaches to Managing Deviant Behavior in Virtual Communities.” April. ftp://ftp.media.mit.edu/pub/asb/papers/deviance-chi94.txt (December 4, 1994).

World Wide Web Sites (WWW).

Reference

King, Gary, Michael Tomz, and Jason Wittenberg. 1998. “Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation.” September 7. http://gking.harvard.edu/preprints.shtml (October 22, 1998).

English Translations

Duverger, Maurice. 1954. Political Parties. Trans. Barbara North and Robert North. New York: Wiley.

Sources in Foreign Languages

Miyamoto, Yoshio. 1942. Hoso to kokka [Broadcasting and the national defense state]. Tokyo: Nihon Hoso Shuppan Kyokai.

Miyamoto, Yoshio. 1942. Broadcasting and the national defense state. [in Japanese]. Tokyo: Nihon Hoso Shuppan Kyokai.

Magazine Articles

Prufer, Olaf. 1964. “The Hopewell Cult.” Scientific American, December, 13-15.